The Bernese Mountain Dog or Berner Sennenhund originates from the Bern region of Switzerland; the breed was first developed as a general-purpose farm dog around 2,500 years ago. This breed is strong and hardy, hence was once used to pull carts, drive cattle, and guard farms. Bernese Mountain Dogs tend to be common in Europe and North America. They are, in general, easy-going dogs that are gentle and affectionate with children yet rather reserved around strangers. Their striking tri-colored coat and ever-friendly disposition make it a well-personalized family pet.
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Bernese Mountain Dogs are lovely dogs who usually form a deep attachment to their families and continuously seek the companionship of humans. They are loyal companions that like to spend time with their loving owners. Calm by nature, Bernese Mountain Dogs are, therefore, well suited for a home with children and other pets. While they have an understanding mind and are less aggressive, they can be protective if need be. Their personalities are smart and eager, though a little recalcitrant during training. But they will learn, or be easily influenced, with good consistent management and a great deal of positive reinforcement and patience. They are relatively energetic but can be placated by moderate exercise, such as daily walks and play. The gentility of Bernese Mountain Dogs qualifies them as ideal with the kids, although their huge size may recommend supervision for very young kids. They are gentle by nature, rarely aggressive, and protective only when need be. The Bernese Mountain Dog can also be trained but requires a good deal of patience and early socialization. They are sweet and calm overall, and as such, make wonderful family companions.
Bernese Mountain Dogs are intelligent and fairly trainable but may be a bit headstrong. Training needs consistent use of positive reinforcement. They can respond quite well to training, but it's vital to ensure that recall training comes first. Otherwise, their independent streak may lead them to wander. Being one of the large breeds, Bernese Mountain Dogs require moderate exercise and not to an excess due to the size of their frames. Work usually gives them enough exercise for about 30-45 minutes a day to remain fit and healthy. They enjoy outdoor activities like taking hikes or running in a secure yard. With the predisposition toward joint conditions, it becomes absolutely important not to overwork the dogs while they are still puppies. Playing games such as fetch or tug-of-war is a great way to engage them both mentally and physically. Make it fun and easy and do not overstrain them in hot weather as they could suffer from heat stress.
With few exceptions, Bernese Mountain Dogs are basically healthy dogs, but there are quite a number of common health problems that afflict this breed that can impair their quality of life. These include:
Hip Dysplasia: This genetic condition afflicts the hip joint and may cause pain or trouble moving. Keeping the dog away from undue weight and avoiding strenuous exercise would reduce the risk.
Elbow Dysplasia: Similar to hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia can cause lameness and pain. Regular vet check-ups and proper joint care are important for early detection.
Bloat (Gastric Torsion): If the dog's stomach twists, it can cause this life-threatening condition. Small meals throughout the day are better, as well as ensuring the dog is not active immediately after meals.
Cancer: High incidences of certain types of cancer usually affect Bernese Mountain Dogs; such types include lymphoma. Regular vet visits can trigger early detection and, correspondingly, an increase in successful treatment.
Progressive Retinal Atrophy: This is an inherited disease of the eyes that eventually results in blindness. To monitor their condition, regular check-ups by the veterinarian must be done.
Bernese Mountain Dogs have a long, thick, double coat that needs regular grooming to prevent matting and tangles. They shed year-round, with heavier shedding around seasonal changes. The coat should be brushed about 2 to 3 times per week to remove dead hair and keep that coat healthy. Bathing should take place every month to six weeks, using a mild dog shampoo to maintain clean fur and skin conditions. This also means regular care for their ears and eyes because germy dirt mixed with moisture can infect them. Along with regular grooming, check the dog after outdoor activities for skin parasites like ticks and fleas. Further, regular nail clipping and checking for bumps, lumps, and injuries should be part of routine grooming.
Bernese Mountain Dogs’ diet should be high-quality and specifically designed for large breeds. Look for foods that support their joint health, as they are prone to hip and elbow dysplasia. Commercially manufactured food, especially formulated for large dogs, is recommended, but homemade food can be considered with veterinary guidance. For puppies, a nutrient-rich food with high protein content is necessary to support growth and muscle development. Adult Bernese Mountain Dogs typically require 3 to 4 cups of food per day, depending on their age, weight, and activity level. Keep their weight in check to reduce strain on their joints. Regular veterinary consultations are key for tailoring their diet to their health needs.
